The Evolution of Monkey: From Chinese Folk Saint to Japanese Manga Hero
The story of Monkey and his journey West has fascinated and delighted readers for hundreds of years. Hsi-yu chi, The Journey to the West, was compiled and polished by Wu Cheng'en in the 16th century, but the legend existed long before that. Journey to the West is based on the true story of Xuan Zang (602-664), a Buddhist monk, and his journey to India for in search of sutras. Over hundreds of years, the tale was embellished and evolved. Through the retelling, this Buddhist tale ingrained itself on the culture. Companions were added to the mix so that Xuang Zang could be protected on his journey. The companions came in the form of god-demons on the path of redemption. Sun Wukung, the Monkey King, along with Chu Pa Chieh, a pig spirit also known as Pigsy, and Sha Monk, a water demon also known as Sandy, were chosen for the journey. When the tale begins, it focuses on Monkey. Monkey is born from a rock and eventually trouble makes for the gods. He becomes immortal by erasing his name from the roster of Death and eats the peaches of immortality. He is a troublemaker and a trickster, yet he appeals to the audience as an imperfect role model. He changes and grows, eventually finding enlightenment, proving to one and all that there is hope. This fascinating story still continues to develop today. Though hundreds of years have passed, the appeal of Monkey has not faded. In fact, he remains one of the most lasting icons in Asia today. Because of the polyfunctional qualities in Monkey, the tale of Monkey is still evolving. Through the medium of manga or Japanese comic books, we see the continued growth of his legend.
